A journal is usually a literary, academic and research paper-like publication containing mainly articles written by eminent researchers, academics and others in authority. Unlike newspapers and magazines, most journals are meant for a technical or academic audience, not common readers. But, in some countries, some scholars started writing journals either to make their work more accessible to the public or to generate revenue. Journal can be of various types: business Journal, scientific Journal, medical Journal, academic Journal etc. In the UK, there are many professional Journal clubs that are interested in publishing high quality Journal.

A Journal can be identified as a scholarly journal with a dual-entry bookkeeping system that includes journal entries for financial accounting and business transactions. The major part of the Journal is concerned with accounting and business transactions and accounting concepts; however, some Journal topics are also available for other disciplines. Journal can be classified into different categories, e.g., legal Journal, medical Journal, economics Journal etc. Though there has been considerable growth in the number of Journal published in reference books, the Journal still continues to retain its prominent position among all journals in reference books.

Generally, a Journal comprises original research and document, and interpretations thereof, together with accompanying text and illustrations pertaining to the paper. For the Journal, original research comprises Journal articles, book reviews, conference proceedings, book chapters, and reviews and commentaries. On the other hand, documents are the interpretations and explanations of data and other information based on previous researches and original data or facts and are generally a part of Journal writings.

While maintaining records, transactions are recorded in journals for convenient future reference. Journal transactions are recorded in various formats including microfilm, hardcopy, computerized and paper documents. Besides, Journal writings contain references regarding law, medicine, business, education, economics etc. However, for the Journal it is important to record only those transactions that are legal, unless otherwise specified in the rules.

For recording Journal transactions, the Journal includes journal entries and memoranda, which are considered as historical Record of Events, i.e., personal and business records. Entries may be in the form of letters, telegrams, impressions, vouchers, official papers, personal memoirs etc. In addition, the Journal includes a register of journal entries, which is used to keep an index of entries made in the Journal. The register also comprises the entries made in journals, previously recorded or in journals newly recorded. Also, special reference books and journals, which are specially printed for keeping registers, are available for making the Journal register.

Other features of the Journal include journal entries, which are usually of a general nature, and journal statements, which contain general information or account, accounting information relating to the transactions recorded in the journal. The Journal may also include journal obituaries, which are published to the interested parties. The Journal may also comprise the register of deeds, which is a public record. The most important feature of the Journal is that it provides the means by which a company can trace its real property and assets. Also, by recording the events and transactions in the Journal, the company ensures accountability of the business and provides a historical record of the business.

A journal is usually a scholarly book containing works written by scholars, academics and other renowned individuals. Journal is a term used to describe any written work that has been published outside of a university or institution and that is prepared by scholars in the same field. Unlike newspapers and magazines, journal publications are meant for a particular specialized or academic audience, and not generally for general reading. The scope and period of a journal may be a single volume, a volume spanning an entire year or perhaps the entire life cycle of a project.

A journal must adhere to the principles laid down by the American Journal of Medicine (AJM). These include “principal data” and “accounts of transactions” as well as “principal conclusions.” Journal publications should meet three standards established by the AJM, namely: (I) peer review, (ii) credibility and (iii) independence. All these aspects are necessary to ensure the quality of a Journal, but these can be easily complied with, if the right procedures are followed.

Journal writers must use appropriate language when discussing data and methods. Journal writers should conduct a double entry accounting technique when presenting data in a Journal article. Double entry accounting technique means two entries in the Journal for a particular transaction. This will make the information of the transaction transparent and thus more transparent and will make it easier to check the financial records of the journal.

Journal articles are to be written according to the style prescribed by the AJM. The Journal uses standard styles, such as simplified applications, family styles and Chicago styles. Authors should avoid using colloquial or informal terms when reporting findings from scientific studies. General ledger accounting methodologies, which include journal accounting, are to be strictly followed. If possible, references to financial documents such as bank statements and credit bills should also be avoided.

All financial transactions should be recorded in the journal. All vouchers must be presented in the original forms and the vouchers should be signed by the parties involved. Accounts ledgers should be double-entry accounting and journal accounts should be deposited into a bank account. Invoices should be vouchers recorded in the journal. General Ledger Accounting methodologies applied in Journal accounts should follow international standards for double entry of financial transactions.

The first step for a Journalist is to ensure that all required data have been recorded in the Journal. After ensuring all required data are recorded, the Journal should be prepared according to the needs of the users. It is essential to prepare a Journal at the time of every interview or research visit. The Journal should be prepared after the interview or visit, but prior to the presentation of data. A Journal should be prepared at each presentation and it is best to have a copy of the Journal at the time of presentation.